War Below

The world is moving towards replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy. But building electric vehicles, solar panels, and millions of other devices requires digging more mines. Critical minerals are vital to many sustainable technologies, and the competition for them is intensifying.Nations which aspire to energy independence are ever more intertwined: a hedge fund manager's attempt to revive rare earths mining in California needs Chinese expertise, and international reliance on Africa's mining sector persists despite concern over child labour. Meanwhile, ecological dilemmas abound: a proposed lithium mine in Nevada would help global car manufacturers slash their dependence on fossil fuels, but developing that mine could cause the extinction of a flower found nowhere else on the planet.As investors attempt to predict how the geopolitics of resource extraction will unfold, this is a story of the industry giants, researchers, and policymakers at the forefront of the new energy wars.

'Essential reading', 'Finally, the real story of the difficulties of mining and processing enough minerals in the US to supply a green, carbon free energy transition. In this telling we confront the reality that there are no easy answers or quick fixes. We are also made uncomfortable with the ethics of wanting to preserve our beautiful places, while we rely on foreign supply chains where minerals are mined and processed with no real attention to environmental, labor, and human rights abuses', 'The War Below gives the reader a front row seat to one of the critical debates of our time: how to power the clean energy transition without adding to ecological and human harm through irresponsible mining. Scheyder's detailed storytelling and research help convey what's at stake in this new "race to the bottom"'

Ernest Scheyder is an award-winning senior correspondent for Reuters covering the future of energy and transportation, specifically the minerals powering the electrification trend reshaping our global economy. He also writes regularly on politics, policy, and natural disasters. His work is routinely cited in Congressional hearings, court documents, financial reports, and peer books. Prior to Reuters, he held roles at The Associated Press and The Wall Street Journal.