Samson Occom

The Mohegan-Brothertown minister Samson Occom (1723–1792) was a prominent political and religious leader of the Indigenous peoples of present-day New York and New England, among whom he is still revered today. An international celebrity in his day, Occom rose to fame as the first Native person to be ordained a minister in the New England colonies. In the 1770s, he helped found the nation of Brothertown, where Coastal Algonquian families seeking respite from colonialism built a new life on land given to them by the Oneida Nation. Occom was a highly productive author, probably the most prolific Native American writer prior to the late nineteenth century. Most of Occom’s writings, however, have been overlooked, partly because many of them are about Christian themes that seem unrelated to Native life.In this groundbreaking book, Ryan Carr argues that Occom’s writings were deeply rooted in Indigenous traditions of hospitality, diplomacy, and openness to strangers. From Occom’s point of view, evangelical Christianity was not a foreign culture; it was a new opportunity to practice his people’s ancestral customs. Carr demonstrates Occom’s originality as a religious thinker, showing how his commitment to Native sovereignty shaped his reading of the Bible. By emphasizing the Native sources of Occom’s evangelicalism, this book offers new ways to understand the relations of Northeast Native tradition to Christianity, colonialism, and Indigenous self-determination.

In this magnificent contribution to Native literary history and early American studies, Ryan Carr reconstructs Samson Occom in a way that keeps his complicated humanity, well, complicated, especially when considering Occom as a religious thinker and public intellectual. This book is original, erudite, edifying, and beautifully written. I recommend it highly., Ryan Carr has produced a strikingly fresh account of Samson Occom's rendering of Christianity as a tool to maneuver the catastrophe of settler colonialism by centering Indigenous community. He subtly narrates how Occom used language to traverse vast distances in practicing radical hospitality and to elicit ancient notions of sacredness., In Samson Occom, Ryan Carr makes the powerfully argued case for expanding our interpretive practices regarding Occom through consideration of his work on its own terms—ones that respect what we can know of Occom’s purposes and perspectives. Through careful and broadly considered historical research, Carr creates an impressive network of connected histories through which to situate Occom as a thinker, writer, and leader.

Ryan Carr is a lecturer in English and comparative literature, American studies, and the Core Curriculum at Columbia University.Amy Besaw Medford and Megan Fulopp are members of the Brothertown Indian Nation. Medford is a research affiliate with the Project on Indigenous Governance and Development at the Harvard Kennedy School, and Fulopp is a researcher who manages Brothertown-related projects, including the web-based “Life of the Brothertown Indians.”