Dark Agoras

A history of Black urban placemaking and politics in Philadelphia from the Great Migration to the era of Black PowerIn this book, author J.T. Roane shows how working-class Black communities cultivated two interdependent modes of insurgent assembly—dark agoras—in twentieth century Philadelphia. He investigates the ways they transposed rural imaginaries about and practices of place as part of their spatial resistances and efforts to contour industrial neighborhoods. In acts that ranged from the mundane acts of refashioning intimate spaces to expressly confrontational and liberatory efforts to transform the city’s social and ecological arrangement, these communities challenged the imposition of Progressive and post-Progressive visions for urban order seeking to enclose or displace them.Under the rubric of dark agoras Roane brings together two formulations of collectivity and belonging associated with working-class Black life. While on their surface diametrically opposed, the city’s underground—its illicit markets, taverns, pool halls, unlicensed bars, as well as spaces housing illicit sex and informal sites like corners associated with the economically and socially disreputable--constituted a spatial and experiential continuum with the city’s set apart—its house meetings, storefronts, temples, and masjid, as well as the extensive spiritually appropriated architectures of the interwar mass movements that included rural land experiments as well as urban housing, hotels, and recreational facilities. Together these sites incubated Black queer urbanism, or dissident visions for urban life challenging dominant urban reform efforts and their modes of producing race, gender, and ultimately the city itself. Roane shows how Black communities built a significant if underappreciated terrain of geographic struggle shaping Philadelphia between the Great Migration and Black Power. This fascinating book will help readers appreciate the importance of Black spatial imaginaries and worldmaking in shaping matters of urban place and politics.

Brilliantly conceived and beautifully written, Dark Agoras fundamentally alters our understanding of Black Philadelphia. Documenting how Black migrants cultivated the spiritual, cultural, and social world around them, Roane reveals the city to be an epicenter of insurgent collectivity and unceasing defiance, challenging long held narratives about Black urbanity and pathology. Dark Agoras peels back the layers of the City of Brotherly Love to show how Black Philadelphians transgressed and transformed their social-spatial order from slavery to the present. It fundamentally reshapes how we should think about Black urban life, culture, and liberation., J. T. Roane brilliantly theorizes Black sociality, sensibility, and spirituality in historical conjuncture. Roane uses archival and critical resources beautifully, situating this work firmly in the Black studies tradition while simultaneously making exciting new interventions. Most of all, Dark Agoras is a stunning story of insurgent world making that will have a significant impact on the world of ideas., Roane models a new and potentially transformative scholarly practice, one that builds upon and extends the work of earlier theorists, sociologists, historians, and others to give name and meaning to the spatial and social formations Black peoples created and sustained in late-nineteenth and twentieth century settings (especially the Chesapeake region and the city of Philadelphia). Dark Agoras is the work of a critically brilliant and creative thinker and writer: one whose work is sure to provoke, instigate, and initiate new and exciting conversations, and in so doing help guide the direction of Black Studies scholarship for years to come., Dark Agoras is both a theory of Black plotting and an insurgent plot in its own right. Marked by theoretical boldness and prodigious archival research, J. T. Roane has produced a work that reflects the depth of possibility in Black study. Roane elucidates histories and landscapes of Black queer urbanism with rigor, creativity, and political acuteness. For readers invested in abolition, gender, sexuality, racial capitalism, and Black living otherwise, Dark Agoras is a capacious, incisive, and indispensable text.

In Fall 2022, J.T. Roane will join Rutgers University as assistant professor of Africana Studies and Geography and Andrew W. Mellon chair in the Institute for the Study of Global Racial Justice.