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Radium and the Secret of Life
Before the hydrogen bomb indelibly associated radioactivity with death, many chemists, physicians, botanists, and geneticists believed that radium might hold the secret to life. Physicists and chemists early on described the wondrous new element in lifelike terms such as "decay" and "half-life," and made frequent references to the "natural selection" and "evolution" of the elements. Meanwhile, biologists of the period used radium in experiments aimed at elucidating some of the most basic phenomena of life, including metabolism and mutation. From the creation of half-living microbes in the test tube to charting the earliest histories of genetic engineering, Radium and the Secret of Life high-lights previously unknown interconnections between the history of the early radioactive sciences and the sciences of heredity. Equating the transmutation of radium with the biological transmutation of living species, biologists saw in metabolism and mutation properties that reminded them of the new element.These initially provocative metaphoric links between radium and life proved remarkably productive and ultimately led to key biological insights into the origin of life, the nature of heredity, and the structure of the gene. Radium and the Secret of Life recovers a forgotten history of the connections between radioactivity and the life sciences that existed long before the dawn of molecular biology.
R 3,325.00
Seduced by Radium
The discovery of radium by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898 eventually led to a craze for radium products in the 1920s until their widespread use proved lethal for consumers, patients, and medical practitioners alike. Radium infiltrated American culture, Maria Rentetzi reveals, not only because of its potential to treat cancer but because it was transformed from a scientific object into a familiar, desirable commodity. She explores how Standard Chemical Company in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania - the first successful commercial producer of radium in the United States - aggressively promoted the benefits of radium therapy and its curative properties as part of a lucrative business strategy. Over-the-counter products, from fertilizers to paints and cosmetics to tonics and suppositories, inspired the same level of trust in consumers as a revolutionary pharmaceutical. The radium industry in the United States marketed commodities like Liquid Sunshine and Elixir of Youth at a time when using this new chemical element in the laboratory, in the hospital, in private clinics, and in commercial settings remained largely free of regulation. Rentetzi shows us how marketing campaigns targeted individually to men and women affected not only how they consumed these products of science but also how that science was understood and how it contributed to the formation of ideas about gender. Seduced by Radium ultimately reveals how innovative advertising techniques and seductive, state-of-the-art packaging made radium a routine part of American life, shaping scientific knowledge about it and the identities of those who consumed it.
R 1,466.00
Radiumdosimetrie
Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
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R 1,195.40
Radium and the Secret of Life
Before the hydrogen bomb indelibly associated radioactivity with death, many chemists, physicians, botanists, and geneticists believed that radium might hold the secret to life. Physicists and chemists early on described the wondrous new element in lifelike terms such as "decay" and "half-life," and made frequent references to the "natural selection" and "evolution" of the elements. Meanwhile, biologists of the period used radium in experiments aimed at elucidating some of the most basic phenomena of life, including metabolism and mutation. From the creation of half-living microbes in the test tube to charting the earliest histories of genetic engineering, Radium and the Secret of Life highlights previously unknown interconnections between the history of the early radioactive sciences and the sciences of heredity. Equating the transmutation of radium with the biological transmutation of living species, biologists saw in metabolism and mutation properties that reminded them of the new element.These initially provocative metaphoric links between radium and life proved remarkably productive and ultimately led to key biological insights into the origin of life, the nature of heredity, and the structure of the gene. Radium and the Secret of Life recovers a forgotten history of the connections between radioactivity and the life sciences that existed long before the dawn of molecular biology.
R 1,266.00
Die Radiumbehandlung in der Augenheilkunde
Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
R 1,676.50
Radiumtherapie
Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
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Radiometrie
Mit vorliegender Monographie wird erstmals das gesamte Gebiet des Messens mit Rontgenstrahlen dargestellt, die mit Rontgenaufnahme und mit Durchleuchtung arbei- tenden Methoden sowie die Verfahren zur GroBenbestimmung und zur Rontgenlokalisation. In einem allgemeinen Teil werden zunachst die wenigen Grundgesetze del' verschiedenen MeBmethoden zusammengefaBt. Hierbei korrigiert del' Verfasser die alte, irrtiimliche Vor- stellung von del' iiberragenden Bedeutung des Zentralstrahls bei rontgenologischen MeB- methoden und zeigt, daB diesel' Strahl iiberhaupt nicht beachtet zu werden braucht und auch dem Vertikalstrahl nul' in wenigen Ausnahmen eine Bedeutung zukommt. Del' groBte Teil des Buches befaBt sich mit dem Hauptziel. niimlich einen Leitfaden zu schaffen, mit dem in del' Praxis jede MeBaufgabe bewaltigt werden kanrl. Das in den verschiedensten Teilgebieten del' Medizin zerstreute Schrifttum zu dies en Problemen ", ird moglichst liickenlos erfaBt. Auf eigene groBe Erfahrungen gegriindet, wird dann schlieB- lich fiir jede spezielle Frage das in del' Praxis am besten brauchbare Verfahren vollstandig und klar dargelegt. Hierbei sind die Literaturangaben zu dem Kapitel moglichst liickenlos a ufgefiihrt.
R 1,945.58
Baumaterialien für Radio-Amateure
Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
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Three-Dimensional Free-Radical Polymerization
At present, three-dimensional free-radical polymerization (TFRP) is a special ?eld of radical polymerization. TFRP is characterized by speci?c kinetic regularities and mechanisms of processes for the formation of cross-linked or hyper-branched po- mers, and they are different from the kinetics and mechanism of classical radical polymerization. The fundamental studies of kinetics and mechanism of TFRP with formation of cross-linked polymers have been carried out in three stages. The ?rst stage lasted from 1960 until 1983, and the main mechanisms of TFRP of oligo(acrylates) were established during this stage [1-3]. Condensation telomerization, being a universal oligo(acrylate) synthesis procedure, allows us to vary certain molecular parameters, such as length and ?exibility of oligomeric blocks, number and type of reactive groups (methacrylic or acrylic groups), and chemical nature of atomic groups of an oligomeric block, which represent the centers of strong intermolecular interactions.For this reason, oligo(acrylates) were very convenient compounds for establi- ing the main kinetic regularities of TFRP and regularities of formation of polymer three-dimensional cross-linkedstructures,according totheso-calledmicrohetero- neous mechanism (G.V. Korolev, 1977), at the topological and morphological levels.
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Numerical Methods in Multidimensional Radiative Transfer
Traditionally, radiative transfer has been the domain of astrophysicists and climatologists. In nuclear technology one has been dealing with the ana- gous equations of neutron transport. In recent years, applications of radiative transferincombustionmachinedesignandinmedicinebecamemoreandmore important. In all these disciplines one uses the radiative transfer equation to model the formation of the radiation ?eld and its propagation. For slabs and spheres e?ective algorithms for the solution of the transfer equation have been ava- able for quite some time. In addition, the analysis of the equation is quite well developed. Unfortunately, in many modern applications the approximation of a 1D geometry is no longer adequate and one has to consider the full 3D dependencies. This makes the modeling immensely more intricate. The main reasons for the di?culties result from the fact that not only the dimension of the geometric space has to be increased but one also has to employ two angle variables (instead of one) and very often one has to consider frequency coupling (due to motion or redistribution in spectral lines). In actual cal- lations this leads to extremely large matrices which, in addition, are usually badly conditioned and therefore require special care. Analytical solutions are not available except for very special cases. Although radiative transfer problems are interesting also from a ma- ematical point of view, mathematicians have largely neglected the transfer equation for a long time.
R 5,465.72
Three-Dimensional Free-Radical Polymerization
At present, three-dimensional free-radical polymerization (TFRP) is a special ?eld of radical polymerization. TFRP is characterized by speci?c kinetic regularities and mechanisms of processes for the formation of cross-linked or hyper-branched po- mers, and they are different from the kinetics and mechanism of classical radical polymerization. The fundamental studies of kinetics and mechanism of TFRP with formation of cross-linked polymers have been carried out in three stages. The ?rst stage lasted from 1960 until 1983, and the main mechanisms of TFRP of oligo(acrylates) were established during this stage [1-3]. Condensation telomerization, being a universal oligo(acrylate) synthesis procedure, allows us to vary certain molecular parameters, such as length and ?exibility of oligomeric blocks, number and type of reactive groups (methacrylic or acrylic groups), and chemical nature of atomic groups of an oligomeric block, which represent the centers of strong intermolecular interactions.For this reason, oligo(acrylates) were very convenient compounds for establi- ing the main kinetic regularities of TFRP and regularities of formation of polymer three-dimensional cross-linkedstructures,according totheso-calledmicrohetero- neous mechanism (G.V. Korolev, 1977), at the topological and morphological levels.
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R 520.00
Radius
During the final months of the 2011 Egyptian revolution, a group of activists came together to intervene in the mob sexual assaults recurring amid the ongoing protests of Tahrir Square. The organization was called Opantish, and Yasmin El-Rifae was one of the organizers. This is her surgical, searching, and harrowing account of frontline battles, back-alley escapes, supply lines, and safe houses, as well as the personal and political reckonings that followed.In a new preface, El-Rifae reflects on what her extraordinary experiences demonstrate when placed within the long history of imperial violence in the region.
R 471.00
Radiometry in Modern Scientific Experiments
The reader is provided with information about methods of calibration of light sources and photodetectors as well as responsiveness of spectral instruments ranging from near infrared to vacuum UV spectral, 1200 – 100 nm, and radiation intensities of up to several quanta per second in absolute and arbitrary units. The author describes for the first time original methods of measurements they created and draws upon over 40 years of experience in working with light sources and detectors to provide accurate and precise measurements. This book is the first to cover these aspects of radiometry and is divided into seven chapters that examine information about terminology, units, light sources and detectors, methods, including author’s original ones, of absolute calibration of detectors, spectral instruments responsiveness, absolute measurements of radiation intensity of photoprocesses, and original methods of their study. Of interest to researchers measuring; luminescence spectra, light intensities from IR to vacuum UV, spectral range in wide-light intensity ranges, calibrate light sources and detectors, absolute or relative quantum yields of photoprocess determination.
R 3,024.26
Organic Radical Polymers
This book provides a detailed introduction to organic radical polymers and open-shell macromolecules. Functional macromolecules have led to marked increases in a wide range of technologies, and one of the fastest growing of these fields is that of organic electronic materials and devices. To date, synthetic and organic electronic device efforts have focused almost exclusively on closed-shell polymers despite the promise of open-shell macromolecules in myriad applications.This text represents the first comprehensive review of the design, synthesis, characterization, and device applications of open-shell polymers. In particular, it will summarize the impressive synthetic and device performance efforts that have been achieved with respect to energy storage, energy conversion, magnetic, and spintronic applications. By combining comprehensive reviews with a wealth of informative figures, the text provides the reader with a complete “molecules-to-modules” understanding of the state of the art in open-shell macromolecules. Moreover, the monograph highlights future directions for open-shell polymers in order to allow the reader to be part of the community that continues to build the field. In this way, the reader will gain a rapid understanding of the field and will have a clear pathway to utilize these materials in next-generation applications.
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Radiology Education
This is a book about scholarship in the broadest sense. The writing of this book has shown how through scholarship we can bring together academics, practitioners, scientists, radio logists, and administrators from around the world to begin the kinds of conversations that promise to move us to a new way of thinking about and enacting radiology education. Over the past century, we have witnessed tremendous change in biomedical science and the scope of this change has demanded new approaches to medical education. The most significant of the changes in medical education has been a fundamental paradigm shift from a teacher-centered approach to a student-centered approach. This shift, c- bined with the explosion of knowledge, has pressed medical schools to undertake major curricular and institutional reform. At the same time, progress in medical education research methods has led to innovative approaches to support the improvement of learning methods and evaluation. Over the past several years there has also been a shift toward thinking about and planning for medical education beyond the undergraduate level to include postgraduate and continuing medical education, but also to consider learning within the professional environment and the development of professional continuous education. Viewing medical education as a continuum that spans from the first year of medical school until retirement introduces new ways to conceptualize the teaching and learning needs that address lifelong learning demands that extend over 30 or 40 years.
R 5,343.92
Radiation Dosimetry
Mankind has evolved in a sea of radiation. We have been bombarded constantly by X rays, y rays, UV rays, and particulate radiations from outer space, and by terrestrial radiations from the ground we walk on, from our building materials, and from our own bodies. Recently, we have become increasingly subjected to man-made radiations, especially from the medical and defense industries. All of these radiations are capable of affecting us biologically, both to our benefit and to our detriment. This book provides a thorough review of the physical and biological dosimetry of these radiations. It is targeted to those health professionals who are concerned with understanding the mechanisms fundamental to the biological action of ionizing radiation or who are involved in the application, measurement, or treatment of the effects of such radiations. The first chapter, on "Bioeffect Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy," should be of special interest to anyone involved in the treatment of cancer by radiation. It includes a brief review of the history of the manipulation of time-dose parameters in order to improve therapeutic benefit, and an up-to-date analysis of time-dose relationships designed for use in fractionated radiotherapy and brachytherapy. This is followed by two chapters reviewing and comparing national and international protocols for the precise measurement of photon and electron radiations in therapy. These chapters should be invaluable to radiation physicists responsible for treatment machine calibrations.
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Radicals in Synthesis II
This book presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research. It provides short and concise reports on chemistry, each written by the world renowned experts. The information remains valid and useful after 5 or 10 years. More information, as well as the electronic version of the whole content, is available at: springerlink.com.
R 8,958.19
EPR of Free Radicals in Solids II
EPR of Free Radicals in Solids: Trends in Methods and Applications, 2nd ed. presents a critical two volume review of the methods and applications of EPR (ESR) for the study of free radical processes in solids. Emphasis is on the progress made in the developments in EPR technology, in the application of sophisticated matrix isolation techniques and in the advancement in quantitative EPR that have occurred since the 1st edition was published. Improvements have been made also at theoretical level, with the development of methods based on first principles and their application to the calculation of magnetic properties as well as in spectral simulations. EPR of Free Radicals in Solids II focuses on the trends in applications of experimental and theoretical methods to extract structural and dynamical properties of radicals and spin probes in solid matrices by continuous wave (CW) and pulsed techniques in nine chapters written by experts in the field. It examines the studies involving radiation- and photo-induced inorganic and organic radicals in inert matrices, the high-spin molecules and metal-based molecular clusters as well as the radical pro-cesses in photosynthesis. Recent advancements in environmental applications in-cluding measurements by myon resonance of radicals on surfaces and by quantitative EPR in dosimetry are outlined and the applications of optical detection in material research with much increased sensitivity reviewed. The potential use of EPR in quantum computing is considered in a newly written chapter. This new edition is aimed to experimentalists and theoreticians in research involving free radicals, as well as for students of advanced courses in physical chemis-try, chemical physics, materials science, biophysics, biochemistry and related fields.
R 8,141.41
Right and Radical Right in the Americas
Studies of the right and radical right have proliferated since the rise of European nationalist and populist parties in the 1980s. Yet, the literature on the right and the radical right has a largely Euro-American bias and has been limited by partisan academics that focus on the left. The Right and Radical Right in the Americas hopes to be a pioneering work that examines the history and contemporary manifestations of the right and radical right throughout the Americas. From interwar Canada to contemporary Chile, the right and radical right have come in diverse ideological currents. Those ideological currents have undergone historical changes and the strategies of the right and radical right need to be contextualized in respect of country and region. The right and radical right also have distinctive meanings throughout the Americas and in different epochs.
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R 704.00
Radiometry in Modern Scientific Experiments
The reader is provided with information about methods of calibration of light sources and photodetectors as well as responsiveness of spectral instruments ranging from near infrared to vacuum UV spectral, 1200 – 100 nm, and radiation intensities of up to several quanta per second in absolute and arbitrary units. The author describes for the first time original methods of measurements they created and draws upon over 40 years of experience in working with light sources and detectors to provide accurate and precise measurements. This book is the first to cover these aspects of radiometry and is divided into seven chapters that examine information about terminology, units, light sources and detectors, methods, including author’s original ones, of absolute calibration of detectors, spectral instruments responsiveness, absolute measurements of radiation intensity of photoprocesses, and original methods of their study. Of interest to researchers measuring; luminescence spectra, light intensities from IR to vacuum UV, spectral range in wide-light intensity ranges, calibrate light sources and detectors, absolute or relative quantum yields of photoprocess determination.
R 4,370.35
Handbuch der Radium-Biologie und Therapie
Sein abgeschlossen vorliegendes Sammelwerk brachte mir der Heraus- geber, Herr P. Lazarus, mit dem Ersuchen, ich mochte, unbesohwert durch Autoritat auf diesem Gebiete, lediglich als dankbarer erster Leser des weit iiber das gewohnliche MaB hervorragenden Werkes und aus der Dberzeugung heraus, wie viel Anregungen wir Alle durch die bisherige Entwickelung der Lehre von den radioaktiven Stoffen bereits gewonnen haben, der groBen Arbeit einige empfehlende W orte fUr meine klinischen Kollegen mitgeben. AlIe anfanglichen Bedenken, dazu wenig berufen zu sein, schwanden bei der Durchsicht des Werkes selbst. 1m Sinne eines vollig gewonnenen Berichterstatters unterziehe ich mich der Aufgabe, wie ich glaube, im Interesse der Sache. Man darf dem Herrn Herausgeber wirklich GlUck wiinschen zu dem, was er in verstandnisvollem lind emsig zahem Sammeleifer hier erzielt hat. Durch sich selbst scheint lnir das ausgezeichnete Werk zu beweisen, daB der Gegenstand nicht bloB aktuell ist, sondern ebenso reif fUr eine auoh den Interessen des arztlichen Praktikers gerecht werdende Darstellung.
R 2,596.53
