CHILDREN

The topic of death and related issues (such as grief) often begin with questions. When the questions come from, or are about, children or adolescents, they bring an additional component…the fear some adults have of giving a “wrong” answer. In this context a wrong answer is one that can cause more harm than good for the child or adolescent who asked the question. This book provides information that can be used to address the death-related questions from children and adolescents. It also looks at questions from caring adults about the way children or adolescents view death and the grief that follows a death or any major loss. Children, Adolescents, and Death covers topics that start with early studies of childhood grief and progress to expression of grief in cyberspace. There is no one answer to most of the questions in this book. There are contributors from a number of continents, countries, cultures, and academic disciplines, each of whom brings a unique view of the topic issues they discuss. There are presentations of practical interventions that others may copy, upon which they can build. There are a number of chapters that look at death education in both family and school settings. This work contains ideas and techniques that can be of value to parents, educators, counselors, therapists, spiritual advisors, caring adults and, of course, will be of the most benefit to those who ask the most questions…the children and adolescents themselves.

Read more less

This informative, easy-to-use reference book covers a wide range of legal issues that affect children from birth until legal adulthood.Readers will learn about issues of importance to teenagers such as the right to drive, drink, engage in sexual relations, and choose a custodial parent. The book also addresses young adults' legal responsibilities including civil and criminal liability and the special legal doctrines and procedures that protect minors when they are the subject of legal proceedings.General issues such as child custody, support, adoption, abuse, and inheritance are also discussed. Important legislation and legal cases affecting children and young adults are thoroughly covered in this timely volume. A table of cases, a directory of organizations, a guide to further reading, and an index are also included.Includes table of casesA directory of organizations and a guide to further reading round out this volume

Read more less

Due to the demand for flexible working hours and employees who are available around the clock, the time patterns of childcare and schooling have increasingly become a political issue. Comparing the development of different “time policies” of half-day and all-day provisions in a variety of Eastern and Western European countries since the end of World War II, this innovative volume brings together internationally known experts from the fields of comparative education, history, and the social and political sciences, and makes a significant contribution to this new interdisciplinary field of comparative study.

Read more less

Nineteenth-century Sierra Leone presented a unique situation historically as the focal point of early abolitionist efforts, settlement within West Africa by westernized Africans, and a rapid demographic increase through the judicial emancipation of Liberated Africans. Within this complex and often volatile environment, the voices and experiences of children have been difficult to trace and to follow. Enslaved children historically are a challenging narrative to highlight due to their comparative vulnerability. This book offers newly transcribed data and fills in a lacuna in the scholarship of early Sierra Leone and the Atlantic world. It presents a narrative of children as they experienced a set of circumstances which were unique and important to abolitionist historiography, and demonstrates how each element of that situation arose by analyzing the rich documentary evidence. By presenting the data as well as the individuals whose lives were affected by the mission schools (both as teacher or pupil) this study has sought to be as complete as possible. Underlying the more academic tone is a recognition of the individual humanity of both teachers and students whose lives together shaped this early phase in the history of Sierra Leone. The missionaries who created the documents from which this study arises all died in Sierra Leone after having profound impacts on the lives of many hundreds of pupils. Their students went on to become important historical figures both locally and throughout West Africa. Not all rose to prominence, and the book reconstructs the lives of pupils who became local tradespeople in addition to those who had a greater social stature. This book attempts to offer analysis without forgetting the fundamental human trajectories which this material encompasses.

Read more less

`A good foundation for those intent on further research′ - ChildRight`It is intelligent, lively, clear, and well written′ - Professor Hugh Cunningham, University of Kent at Canterbury`This is an excellent source book which is up-to-date and covers key debates on childhood in an accessible way′ - Professor Andy Furlong, University of Glasgow In recent years there has been a growing interest in the study of `children′ and `childhood′ within the social sciences. Children, Welfare and the State provides readers with a comprehensive critical introduction to modern childhood studies. In addition to engaging with the broad theoretical debates within the `new′ sociology of childhood and developmental psychology the book:- Explores key questions in relation to researching childhood, children′s agency and social constructionist perspectives; - Traces historical and contemporary developments in social policy responses to children and childhood;- Examines the primary sites of state intervention in regulating and shaping children′s lives. - Re-states the primary significance of social class and other structural divisions in understanding children′s experiences of childhood;- Systematically assesses the impact of inequality and poverty on children and childhood.Children, Welfare and the State has been tailored to appeal to those studying children and childhood within social policy, sociology, psychology, criminology, history, social work and youth and community work courses.

Read more less

Language Impairment and Psychopathology in Infants, Children and Adolescents examines the remarkably high correlation between language impairment and a range of psychopathologic disorders in children and adolescence Nancy J. Cohen provides an authoritative account of the types and range of language and communications impairments, including how language and communication relate to neurological functioning, attachment patterns, emotional regulation, academic achievement, and cognitive development. From a clinical perspective, this book covers impairment definitions and terminology, conditions associated with language impairment, developmental processes affected by language, assessment, and treatment interventions. Throughout, case studies illustrate the contribution of language and communication impairments to transactions, adaptations, and maladaptations that can occur during development. Findings from the literature, including the author′s own research program, highlight the consequences of having problems with language and communication on interactions with the family, with peers, in school, and in the clinic.

Read more less

Language Impairment and Psychopathology in Infants, Children and Adolescents examines the remarkably high correlation between language impairment and a range of psychopathologic disorders in children and adolescence Nancy J. Cohen provides an authoritative account of the types and range of language and communications impairments, including how language and communication relate to neurological functioning, attachment patterns, emotional regulation, academic achievement, and cognitive development. From a clinical perspective, this book covers impairment definitions and terminology, conditions associated with language impairment, developmental processes affected by language, assessment, and treatment interventions. Throughout, case studies illustrate the contribution of language and communication impairments to transactions, adaptations, and maladaptations that can occur during development. Findings from the literature, including the author′s own research program, highlight the consequences of having problems with language and communication on interactions with the family, with peers, in school, and in the clinic.

Read more less

The purpose of Nursing Interventions with Infants, Children, and Families is to systematically describe nursing interventions used by nurses who serve this population. The book covers interventions for infants and children as clients, as well as the family as a client. Topics include interventions on prevention as well as interventions for children and families experiencing health problems. Each chapter examines the theoretical and research literature support for the invention and links to appropriate nursing diagnoses and outcomes. However, the focus of the chapter is on specific activities nurses can select to implement the intervention. A case study is presented to illustrate how the intervention is used in nursing practice. Implications for further research are presented with the goal of advancing nursing science by stimulating further study of nursing interventions.

Read more less

American political and legal culture is uncomfortable with children's sexuality. While aware that sexual expression is a necessary part of human development, law rarely contemplates the complex ways in which it interacts with children and sexuality. Just as the law circumscribes children to a narrow range of roles—either as entirely sexless beings or victims or objects of harmful adult sexual conduct—so too does society tend to discount the notion of children as agents in the domain of sex and sexuality. Where a small body of rights related to sex has been carved out, the central question has been the degree to which children resemble adults, not necessarily whether minors themselves possess distinct and recognized rights related to sex, sexual expression, and sexuality.Children, Sexuality, and the Law reflects on some of the unique challenges that accompany children in the broader context of sex, exploring from diverse perspectives the ways in which children emerge in sexually related dimensions of law and contemporary life. It explores a broad range of issues, from the psychology of children as sexual beings to the legal treatment of adolescent consent. This work also explores whether and when children have a right to expression as understood within the First Amendment.The first volume of its kind, Children, Sexuality, and the Law goes beyond the traditional discourse of children as victims of adult sexual deviance by highlighting children as agents and rights holders in the realm of sex, sexuality, and sexual orientation.

Read more less

Educational sociologists have paid relatively little attention to children in middle childhood (ages 6 to 12), whereas developmental psychologists have emphasized factors internal to the child much more than the social contexts in explaining children's development. Children, Schools, and Inequality redresses that imbalance. It examines elementary school outcomes (e.g., test scores, grades, retention rates) in light of the socioeconomic variation in schools and neighbourhoods, the organizational patterns across elementary schools, and the ways in which family structure intersects with children's school performance. Adding data from the Baltimore Beginning School Study to information culled from the fields of sociology, child development, and education, this book suggests why the gap between the school achievement of poor children and those who are better off has been so difficult to close. Doris Enwistle, Karl Alexander, and Linda Olson show why the first-grade transition,how children negotiate entry into full-time schooling,is a crucial period. They also show that events over that time have repercussions that echo throughout children's entire school careers. Currently the only study of this life transition to cover a comprehensive sample and to suggest straightforward remedies for urban schools, Children, Schools, and Inequality can inform educators, practitioners, and policymakers, as well as researchers in the sociology of education and child development.

Read more less

This text provides a survey of the relationship between children and those mass media found in the home--radio, television, and the Internet. Using a theory-based approach, with attention to developmental, gender, ethnic, and generational differences, author Rose M. Kundanis explores the nature of these relationships and their influences on children and families, looking at the experiences children have at various developmental ages and across generations. She reviews children's own experiences with media and examines the variety of effects that can operate due to children's perceptions at different ages, including fear, aggression, and sexuality. The text includes theory and research from mass communication, developmental psychology, education, and other areas, representing the broad spectrum of influences at work. Features of this text include: *side-bar interviews with teens who work in media and people who develop policy or programming for children's media; *in-depth explanations of the Generational Theory and the Developmental Theory as they apply to children and the media, plus a survey of other applicable theories; *description of the key points of the Children's Television Act of 1990, the Telecommunications Act of 1996, and other relevant legislation; and *questions and activities to extend the exploration of topics. This text will help students develop a critical understanding of the relationship of children and the media; the variables affecting and influencing children's response to media; the theories that explain and predict this relationship; and the ways in which children use the media and can develop media literacy. It is appropriate for courses at the advanced undergraduate and graduate level, including children and media, media literacy, mass communication and society, and media processes and effects, as well as special topics courses in education, communication, and psychology.

Read more less

This text provides a survey of the relationship between children and those mass media found in the home--radio, television, and the Internet. Using a theory-based approach, with attention to developmental, gender, ethnic, and generational differences, author Rose M. Kundanis explores the nature of these relationships and their influences on children and families, looking at the experiences children have at various developmental ages and across generations. She reviews children's own experiences with media and examines the variety of effects that can operate due to children's perceptions at different ages, including fear, aggression, and sexuality. The text includes theory and research from mass communication, developmental psychology, education, and other areas, representing the broad spectrum of influences at work. Features of this text include: *side-bar interviews with teens who work in media and people who develop policy or programming for children's media; *in-depth explanations of the Generational Theory and the Developmental Theory as they apply to children and the media, plus a survey of other applicable theories; *description of the key points of the Children's Television Act of 1990, the Telecommunications Act of 1996, and other relevant legislation; and *questions and activities to extend the exploration of topics. This text will help students develop a critical understanding of the relationship of children and the media; the variables affecting and influencing children's response to media; the theories that explain and predict this relationship; and the ways in which children use the media and can develop media literacy. It is appropriate for courses at the advanced undergraduate and graduate level, including children and media, media literacy, mass communication and society, and media processes and effects, as well as special topics courses in education, communication, and psychology.

Read more less

This is the first edited volume in the communication field to examine parent-child interaction. It creates a framework for future research in this growing area -- family communication, and more specifically, parent-child communication -- and also suggests new areas of communication research among parents and children -- cultural, work-related, taboo topics, family sex discussions, conflict, and abuse. Chapter authors provide thorough coverage of theoretical approaches, new methods, and emerging contexts including lesbian/gay parent-child relationships. In so doing, they bring a communication perspective to enduring problems of discipline, adolescent conflict, and physical child abuse. The text highlights various methodological approaches -- both quantitative and qualitative -- including conversation analysis, grounded theory, participant-observation, and phenomenological interviewing of children. It also introduces and surveys various theoretical approaches -- general systems, developmental, cultural, and intergenerational transmission.

Read more less

This book brings together a group of scholars to share findings and insights on the effects of media on children and family. Their contributions reflect not only widely divergent political orientations and value systems, but also three distinct domains of inquiry into human motivation and behavior -- social scientific, psychodynamic (or psychoanalytical), and clinical practice. Each of these three domains is privy to important evidence and insights that need to transcend epistemological and methodological boundaries if understanding of the subject is to improve dramatically. In keeping with this notion, the editors asked the authors to go beyond a summary of findings, and lend additional distinction to the book by applying the "binoculars" of their particular perspective and offering suggestions as to the implications of their findings. One of the goals of the conference that resulted in this book was consensus building in the area of media and family. From examining the findings and insights of a diverse group of scholars, it seems that consensus building in several areas is a distinct possibility. Addressing the concerns of educators about the influence of the mass media of communication -- entertainment programs in particular -- on children and the welfare of the nuclear family, this volume projects directions for superior programming, especially for educational television. The influence of sex and violence on children and adults is given much attention, and the development of moral judgment and sexual expectations, among other things, is explored. The critical analysis of media effects includes examination of positive contributions of the media, such as the search for missing children and exemplary educational programs.

Read more less

A little more than one percent of the total AIDS cases in the United States have occurred in children, but, alarmingly, the number is growing. Children, Adolescents, and AIDS is the report of the American Psychological Association task force on pediatric AIDS. It is the first study to address a wide range of medical, psychological, social, legal, and ethnical issues confronting young patients and their families. Edited by Jeffrey M. Seibert and Roberta A. Olson, the book draws on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, and other professionals. Brian E. Novick opens with a medical overview of what is known about AIDS/HIV iinfection in children, written for nonspecialists. Then Seibert, Ana Garcia, Marcy Kaplan, and Anita Septimus discuss the needs of HIV-infected children, their families, and their communities that have been identified in model programs in Miami, Los Angeles, and New York City. Next, Patrick J. Mason and Roberta Olson consider the special problems of hemophiliac children with AIDS. Marsha B. Liss reviews the policies being developed by school systems toward HIV-infected children; and Sally E. Dodds, Marilyn Volker, and Helen Viviand focus on bringing the sensitive issues of sex and drugs into curricula aimed at educating students about the basic facts of AIDS and its prevention. Heather C. Huszti and Dale D. Chitwood assess prevention efforts directed to adolescents and women of child-bearing age. Finally, Joni N. Gray discusses the legal and ethical issues surrounding pediatric AIDS.

Read more less

First Published in 1996. Research on childhood is a growing area of interest in social policy. Covering both familial and institutional settings, this book explores relevant issues, including the female workforce and changing family forms.

Read more less

Children, Consumerism, and the Common Good explores the impact of consumer culture on the lives of children in the United States and globally, focusing on two phenomena: advertising to children and child labor. Christian communities have a critical role to play in securing the well-being of children and challenging the cultural trends that undermine that well-being. Themes in the tradition of Catholic social teaching can move us beyond the tensions between children's rights activists and those who propose a return to "family values" and can inform practices of resistance, participation, and transformation. Roche argues that children are full, interdependent members of the communities of which they are a part. They have a claim on the fruits of our common life and are called to participate in that life according to their age and ability. The principle of the common good forms the benchmark for analyzing children's participation in the market and the ways in which market logic shapes other institutions of civil society, particularly educational institutions. The Cristo Rey Network of schools is highlighted as an example of institutional transformation which shapes children's participation in education and the economic life of their families and communities in a spirit of solidarity.

Read more less