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Syntactic Argumentation and the Structure of English
Syntactic Argumentation and the Structure of English (SASE) presents the major theoretical developments in generative syntax and the empirical arguments motivating them. Beautifully and lucidly written, it is an invaluable resource for working linguists as well as a pedagogical tool of unequaled depth and breadth. The chief focus of the book is syntactic argumentation. Beginning with the fundamentals of generative syntax, it proceeds by a series of gradually unfolding arguments to analyses of some of the most sophisticated proposals. It includes a wide variety of problems that guide the reader in constructing arguments deciding between alternative analyses of syntactic constructions and alternative theoretical formulations. Someone who has worked through the problems and arguments in this book will be able to apply the skills in argumentation it develops to novel issues in syntax. While teaching syntactic argumentation, SASE covers the major empirical results of generative syntax.Its contents include: Transformations in single-clause sentences; Complementation and multi-clause transformations; Universal principles governing rule interaction: the cycle and strict cyclicity; Movement rules; Ross' constraints; Pronominal reference and anaphora. SASE is an important book for several different audiences: for students, it is an introduction to syntax that teaches argumentation as well as a wide range of empirical results in the field; for linguists, it is a sourcebook of classical analyses and arguments, with some new arguments bearing on classical issues; and, for scholars, teachers, and students in related fields, it is a comprehensive guide to the major empirical and theoretical developments in generative syntax. SASE contains enough material for a two-semester or three-quarler sequence in syntax. Because it assumes no previous background, it can be used as the main text in an introduction to syntax. Since it covers a wide range of material not available in other texts, it is also suitable for intermediate and advanced syntax courses and as a supplementary source in more specialized courses and courses in other disciplines.A storehouse of classical and original arguments, SASE will prove to be of lasting value to the teacher, the student, and researchers in both linguistics and related fields.
R 1,176.00



R 1,236.00

Transformational Grammar
Andrew Radford's new textbook is principally for students with little or no background in syntax who need a lively and up-to-date introduction to contemporary work on transformational grammar. It covers four main topics - the goals of linguistic theory, syntactic structure, the nature and role of the lexicon, and the function of transformations and the principles governing their application. The framework takes into account the major works such as Chomsky's Knowledge of Language and Barriers written since the publication of Radford's widely acclaimed Transformational Syntax in 1981. Not only does the present book use a more recent theoretical framework, but at the descriptive level it covers a wider range of constructions and rules than its predecessor. Andrew Radford is well known for his effective pedagogical approach, and in this book even more care has been devoted to providing a sympathetic and non-technical introduction to the field. At the end of each chapter are exercises which reinforce the text, enable students to apply the various concepts, etc. discussed, or encourage them to look more critically at some of the assumptions and analyses presented. The book also has a detailed bibliographical background section and an extensive bibliography which will be a useful source of reference to the primary literature. Although intended principally as a coursebook for students of syntax or English grammar, Transformational Grammar will be invaluable to any reader who needs a straightforward and comprehensive introduction to the latest developments in this field.
R 2,859.83

R 364.00

Nature of Syntactic Representation
The work collected in this book represents the results of some intensive recent work on the syntax of natural languages. The authors' differing viewpoints have in common the program of revising current conceptions of syntactic representation so that the role of transformational derivations is reduced or eliminated. The fact that the papers cross-refer to each other a good deal, and that authors assuming quite different fram{:works are aware of each other's results and address themselves to shared problems, is partly the result of a conference on the nature of syntactic representation that was held at Brown University in May 1979 with the express purpose of bringing together different lines of research in syntax. The papers in this volume mostly arise out of work that was presented in preliminary form at that conference, though much rewriting and further research has been done in the interim period. Two papers are included because although they were not given even in preliminary form at the conference, it has become clear since then that they interrelate with the work of the conference so much that they cannot reasonably be left out: Gerald Gazdar's statement of his program for phrase structure description of natural language forms the theoretical basis that is assumed by Maling and Zaenen and by Sag, and David Dowty's paper represents a bridge between the relational grammar exemplified here in the papers by Perlmutter and Postal on the one hand and the Montague
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R 6,288.95

Combinatorial Algebra: Syntax and Semantics
Combinatorial Algebra: Syntax and Semantics provides comprehensive account of many areas of combinatorial algebra. It contains self-contained proofs of more than 20 fundamental results, both classical and modern. This includes Golod–Shafarevich and Olshanskii's solutions of Burnside problems, Shirshov's solution of Kurosh's problem for PI rings, Belov's solution of Specht's problem for varieties of rings, Grigorchuk's solution of Milnor's problem, Bass–Guivarc'h theorem about growth of nilpotent groups, Kleiman's solution of Hanna Neumann's problem for varieties of groups, Adian's solution of von Neumann-Day's problem, Trahtman's solution of the road coloring problem of Adler, Goodwyn and Weiss. The book emphasize several ``universal" tools, such as trees, subshifts, uniformly recurrent words, diagrams and automata. With over 350 exercises at various levels of difficulty and with hints for the more difficult problems, this book can be used as a textbook, and aims to reach a wide and diversified audience. No prerequisites beyond standard courses in linear and abstract algebra are required. The broad appeal of this textbook extends to a variety of student levels: from advanced high-schoolers to undergraduates and graduate students, including those in search of a Ph.D. thesis who will benefit from the “Further reading and open problems” sections at the end of Chapters 2 –5. The book can also be used for self-study, engaging those beyond the classroom setting: researchers, instructors, students, virtually anyone who wishes to learn and better understand this important area of mathematics.
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R 618.00



![Short Handbook of Latin Accidence and Syntax, With Examples and Exercises and Notes on Latin Idiom [microform]](//exclusivebooks.co.za/cdn/shop/t/39/assets/placeholder-pixel_small.png?v=33125877389226915141771159651)


Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek
The verb is, in any language, the motor of all communication: no verb, no action. In Greek, verb forms change not only with person, number, tense, and voice, but in four possible moods as well. "The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek" is an incomparable resource for students and scholars charged with the considerable task of untangling the Greek language's many complexities. With clear, concise instruction, Albert Rijksbaron shows how the various verb forms contribute to the richness of Greek literature as we know it, in this essential guide for both novices and experienced practitioners.
R 1,060.00

Modern C Quick Syntax Reference
Discover how C's efficiency makes it a popular choice in a wide variety of applications and operating systems with special applicability to wearables, game programming, system level programming, embedded device/firmware programming and in Arduino and related electronics hobbies in this condensed code and syntax guide. This book presents the essential C syntax in a well-organized format that can be used as a quick and handy reference.In this book, you will find short, simple, and focused code examples; and a well laid out table of contents and a comprehensive index allowing easy review. You won’t find any technical jargon, bloated samples, drawn out history lessons, or witty stories. What you will find is a language reference that is concise, to the point and highly accessible. The book is packed with useful information and is a must-have for any C programmer.What You Will LearnCode for some of today's modern and popular firmware and systemsHow to do embedded programming found in Arduino and related hardware boardsProgram microcontrollers for robots and boardsHandle low-level programming and memory managementLeverage operating systems such as Linux and Unix Who This Book Is ForThose with experience in programming, particularly C programming, looking for a quick, handy reference.
R 936.23




Dynamic Antisymmetry and the Syntax of Noun Incorporation
This innovative analysis of noun incorporation and related linguistic phenomena does more than just give readers an insightful exploration of its subject. The author re-evaluates—and forges links between—two influential theories of phrase structure: Chomsky’s Bare Phrase Structure and Richard Kayne’s Antisymmetry. The text details how the two linguistic paradigms interact to cause differing patterns of noun incorporation across world languages. With a solid empirical foundation in its close reading of Northern Iroquoian languages especially, Barrie argues that noun incorporation needs no special mechanism, but results from a symmetry-breaking operation. Drawing additional data from English, German, Persian, Tamil and the Polynesian language Niuean, this synthesis has major implications for our understanding of the formation of the verbal complex and the intra-position (roll-up) movement. It will be priority reading for students of phrase structure, as well as Iroquoian language scholars.
R 3,024.10

Issues in Germanic Syntax
TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks, as well as studies that provide new insights by approaching language from an interdisciplinary perspective. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.
R 9,709.38

R 6,269.71
![Greek Accidence. [With] the Greek Syntax](//exclusivebooks.co.za/cdn/shop/t/39/assets/placeholder-pixel_small.png?v=33125877389226915141771159651)

Syntactic Gradience
This is the first exhaustive investigation of gradience in syntax, conceived of as grammatical indeterminacy. It looks at gradience in English word classes, phrases, clauses and constructions, and examines how it may be defined and differentiated. Professor Aarts addresses the tension between linguistic concepts and the continuous phenomena they describe by testing and categorizing grammatical vagueness and indeterminacy. He considers to what extent gradience is agrammatical phenomenon or a by-product of imperfect linguistic description, and makes a series of linked proposals for its theoretical formalization.Bas Aarts draws on, and reviews, work in psychology, philosophy and language from Aristotle to Chomsky., and writes clearly on a fascinating and important aspect of language and cognition. His book will appeal to scholars and graduate students of language and syntactic theory in departments of (English) linguistics, philosophy and cognitive science.
R 3,171.00

Carnap's Logical Syntax of Language
This volume's aim is to provide an introduction to Carnap's book from a historical and philosophical perspective, each chapter focusing on one specific issue. The book will be of interest not only to Carnap scholars but to all those interested in the history of analytical philosophy.
R 3,304.65


R 1,208.97

Syntax and Semantics of the Perfect Active in Literary Koine Greek
The Syntax and Semantics of the Perfect Active in Literary Koine Greek incorporates linguistic insights from both neo-Davidsonian and Chomskyan traditions to present a unified semantic description of the perfect and pluperfect in literary Koine Greek. Offers a comprehensive and unified account of the Greek perfect that considers its behaviour in terms of tense and aspect, as well as voice (or diathesis)Features insights from the neo-Davidsonian and Chomskyan semantic traditions while addressing the perfect tense in Koine GreekIncorporates syntactic and semantic frameworks to provide an account of the perfect in terms of the causative alternation and aspectual classes of predicateUtilizes a large corpus of material that has not been previously discussed in a linguistic sense relating to the question of the semantics of the Greek perfect
R 1,352.00

Syntactic Effects of Morphological Change
This title presents ideas on the nature and causes of language change. The authors consider how far changes in morphology (for example, inflectional word endings) cause changes in syntax, such as word order.They examine such phenomena from the perspective of syntactic and psycholinguistic theory, in particular addressing the issues raised by the hypothesis that grammatical change is driven by how children acquire language. Theoretical questions are discussed in the context of change in a wide variety of languages over a range of periods. The authors are distinguished scholars from the USA, Canada, Japan, Brazil, Australia, Portugal, Italy, Greece, and England.
R 2,707.00

R 367.00


R 900.13


Role of Case in Russian Syntax
This manuscript is a revision of my 1982 MIT dissertation of the same name. A previous version of sections of chapters 1 and 5 appeared as 'Case Agreement in Russian', in The Mental Representation of Gram- matical Relations, edited by Joan Bresnan, MIT Press, 1983. I am grateful to MIT Press for permission to reproduce parts of that article here. I would like to express my appreciation to Catherine V. Chvany, who has read several versions of this manuscript over the years, and provided encouragement and invaluable comments. Thanks go also to Johanna Nichols whose careful reading and useful suggestions have improved the book. I am also deeply grateful to Joan Bresnan, Ken Hale, Morris Halle, Beth Levin, and Jane Simpson for helpful discussions of the material contained herein. For sharing their native intuitions, special thanks go to Alina Israeli, Boris Katz, and Evgenij Pinsky, and to Liza Chernyak, Volodja Gitin, Victoria Koff, Larissa Levin, Victoria Schiller, and Elena Semeka-Pankra- tova. Joyce Friedman, Beth Levin, and Jane Simpson kindly provided assistance with bibliographical references and proofreading.This manuscript was prepared using the computer facilities at Boston University, and lowe a large debt of gratitude to the following people for providing access to equipment and technical assistance: William H. Henneman, Philip Budne, Barry Shein, and Paul Blanchard. IX INTRODUCTION The study of case, once primarily of interest to philologists, has only recently begun to receive the attention it deserves from syntacticians.
R 4,642.97

R 611.00

Mechanisms of Syntactic Change
Historical linguistics, the oldest field in linguistics, has been traditionally dominated by phonological and etymological investigations. Only in the late twentieth century have linguists begun to focus their interest and research on the area of syntactic change and the insight it provides on the nature of language. This volume represents the first major contribution on the mechanisms of syntactic change. The fourteen articles that make up this volume were selected from the Symposium on the Mechanisms of Syntactic Change held at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in 1976, one of a series of three conferences sponsored by the National Science Foundation. These papers clearly demonstrate that the generative approach to the study of language does not explain diachronic processes in syntax. This collection is enlightening, provocative, and carefully documented with data drawn from a great variety of language families.
R 1,766.00

Verb Phrase Syntax: A Parametric Study of English and Spanish
This study is concerned with the structure of verb phrases in English and Spanish, and with syntactic processes involving VP and Vo. A primary focus of attention is auxiliary verbs. It is argued that the structure dominating these verbs is essentially the same in English and Spanish, as is the structure dominating auxiliaries and 'main' verbs in each language. It must be concluded that the occurrence of distinct syntactic processes affecting auxiliaries and other VP constituents in the two languages does not follow from parametrization of phrase structure. It is argued that similarities between the two languages with respect to the composition of so-called "V*" constructions derive from the fact that VP is licensed under both clauses of the Principle of Full Interpretation, i. e. , predication and sub categorization. Distinct syntactic processes in English and Spanish are argued to follow from the fact that there are inflectional features related to each of these licensing conditions (including specification for [ ± PAST) and nominal person/number features) which affect government relations in distinct ways, resulting in parametrization of S-structure representa tions. xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my appreCiatIOn to the Department of Romance Languages at the University of Washington for support for preparation of the final manuscript, and to the Department of Spanish, Italian and Portuguese at the University of Virginia for a leave during which much of this research was accomplished.
R 4,643.15

R 780.00

R 1,829.00

Parameters in Old French Syntax: Infinitival Complements
1.1. AIMS AND ASSUMPTIONS This book presents an analysis of infinitival complement constructions in Old French (OF) from the perspective of the Government-Binding (GB) framework. It aims, therefore, to establish within the terms of the GB framework just how the OF constructions are to be characterized and in just what sense they can or cannot be compared with the corresponding constructions in other Romance languages. The GB framework is an articulated theory about the structure of language which is based on the view that the aim of research into language is to construct a description of language which accurately reflects its essential nature. Whilst we know that individual languages may appear to be superficially very different, we also know that all languages are capable of expressing complex concepts and that all children acquire mastery of the language or languages to which they are exposed. The task, therefore, is to determine both the properties which languages have in common and the bounds within which they may differ. In the pursuit of these aims, the study of various languages of the Romance family has provided a rich source of material for the develop ment of the descriptive apparatus. Evidence of the contribution supplied by such work is apparent in references to Romance material in Chomsky (1981, 1982), in volumes such as Jaeggli (1982), Rizzi (1982a), Kayne (1984b), Burzio (1986), and in numerous papers devoted to particular constructions in a variety of Romance languages.
R 4,660.61



Perl 6 Quick Syntax Reference
This condensed code and syntax reference book presents the Raku (formerly known as Perl 6) scripting language in a well-organized format designed to be used time and again. It contains an easy-to-read and use guide to Raku for software application development.Using this book will give you a feel for the language, as well as an introduction to the different features (such as object-oriented programming) that make Raku such a unique language. You won’t find any technical jargon, bloated samples, drawn out history lessons, or witty stories in this book. Perl 6 Quick Syntax Reference is packed with useful information and is a must-have for any developer new to Raku.What You Will LearnUse Raku expressions and operators Work with Raku data access and persistent dataProcess complex data structures available in RakuWork with functions, modules, and moreUse Raku classes, roles, and traitsTake advantage of regular expressions and grammars using Raku Use the Unicode standard to its full extent in your scriptsWho This Book Is ForThose new to Raku who have at least some programming experience in any scripting language.
R 866.00


















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