Sovereignty and the Responsibility to Protect

In 2011, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1973, authorizing its member states to take measures to protect Libyan civilians from Muammar Gadhafi's forces. In invoking the "responsibility to protect," the resolution draws on the principle that sovereign states are responsible and accountable to the international community for the protection of their populations and specifies that the international community can act to protect populations when national authorities fail to do so. The idea that sovereignty includes the responsibility to protect is often seen as a departure from the classic definition, but it actually has deep historical roots. In Sovereignty and the Responsibility to Protect, Luke Glanville argues that this responsibility extends back to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and that states have since been accountable to God, the people, and the international community.Over time, the right to national self-governance came to take priority over the protection of individual liberties, but the noninterventionist understanding of sovereignty was only firmly established in the twentieth century, and it remained for only a few decades before it was challenged by renewed claims that sovereigns are responsible for protection. Glanville traces the relationship between sovereignty and responsibility from the early modern period to the present day, and offers a new history with profound implications for the present.

"Luke Glanville provides a powerful corrective to the literature that sees sovereignty-and particularly the right of nonintervention-as a static norm in international politics, showing that there has always been an inherent tension between rights and responsibilities and that the 'traditional' meaning of sovereignty became predominant only at the end of World War II. Well-written and deeply rooted in the relevant literature, Sovereignty and the Responsibility to Protect makes a valuable contribution to scholarship in international relations." (Stacie Goddard, Wellesley College)"

Luke Glanville is a fellow in the Department of International Relations at the Australian National University. He lives in Canberra, Australia, and is coeditor of several books, including Protecting the Displaced and The Responsibility to Protect and International Law.