In Michelangelo's Mirror

In the first decades of the sixteenth century, the pictorial arts arrived at an unprecedented level of perfection. That, at least, was a widespread perception among artists and their audiences in central Italy. Imitation, according to the artistic literature of the period, was a productive means of continuing the perfections of a predecessor. In Michelangelo’s Mirror reconsiders the question of Italian mannerism, focusing on the idea of imitation in the works of such artists as Perino del Vaga, Daniele da Volterra, and Pellegrino Tibaldi.Michelangelo was praised as an unsurpassable ideal, and more than any other artist he received the flattering epithet divino. As the cult around him grew, however, a different discourse arose. With the unveiling of the Sistine Last Judgment in 1541, Michelangelo stood accused of having set artifice above the sacred truth he was meant to serve, effectively making an idol of his art. Hansen examines the work of three of the master’s most talented followers in the light of this critical backlash. He argues that their choice to imitate Michelangelo was highly self-conscious and related to the desire to construct their own artistic identities, either by associating their work directly with the ideal paradigm (Daniele), through irony and displacement (Perino), or by incorporating both approaches (Tibaldi).

“Morten Steen Hansen’s impressively researched book finally makes sense of a series of dense, allusive paintings that have long resisted persuasive interpretation. But more than this, the book represents a sustained act of historical criticism: perceiving the ambitions that run through different projects and shining light on their inventiveness, virtuosity, and wit, Hansen makes his three subjects into newly attractive figures. This is a book that should change the way we teach and write about the period.”—Michael Cole, Columbia University, “In this tightly woven, thoughtful, highly instructive, copiously illustrated, and beautifully produced book, which all members of the Renaissance Society of America will want to read or, at least, peruse, Morten Steen Hansen shares his undisguised passion for Tibaldi in a winning manner.”—Paul Barolsky, Renaissance Quarterly, “Hansen’s In Michelangelo’s Mirror is a vivid reminder that [the] debates [surrounding Michelangelo’s art] were once more vital, and that artists as well as writers could take nuanced positions in the discourse.”—Bernadine Barnes, caa.reviews, “[In Michelangelo’s Mirror] is a fundamental addition to the study of a complex period deserving of more attention, especially for its thorough account of Tibaldi, whose subtle and extraordinary frescos representing the myth of Ulysses in the Palazzo Poggi in Bologna may come as a revelation to some readers compared to the more accessible frescos of Perino and Daniele da Volterra in Rome. The sophistication of the book’s interpretative framework also makes it of interest to students of other periods.”—David Franklin, Burlington Magazine

Morten Steen Hansen is Assistant Professor of Art History at Stanford University.