Threat To Development

Far from transferring resources from the rich to the poor, as intended, the New International Economic Order (NIEO)—if fully implemented—is more likely to transfer them from the poor to the rich. Thus assert the authors, who present their analysis of trade and investment data in support of their conclusions. The NIEO, a program adopted by the United Nations, proposes increased prices of primary products, tariff preferences for exports of less developed countries to the industrial world, a code of conduct for multinational corporations, international monetary reform, debt forgiveness or rescheduling for the third world, plus a number of other provisions designed to help third world countries. But, the authors contend, all these provisions will further enrich the already rich within the third world, while adding to the poverty of the already poor. Higher prices for primary products would benefit the rich producers at the expense of the poor who buy them. Debt rescheduling would help only those rich enough to incur debt in the first place; because aid is available in finite quantities, this help might be at the expense of the poor. Likewise, trade preferences would also help the rich, who are the major exporters. The NIEO has been widely acclaimed in industrialized as well as in third world countries; this book demonstrates how the effects of the NIEO could well be the opposite from what is widely believed.

"William Loehris an associate professor of economics at the University of Denver. In 1979 he was a visiting professor at the University of Chile. His publications include The Economics of Development and Distribution (1981; with J.P. Powelson) and Public Goods and Public Policy (1978; edited with Todd Sandler). John P. Powelsonis a professor of economics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. He has been senior economic adviser to the ministries of finance of Kenya and Bolivia and has published numerous books and papers, including A Select Bibliography on Economic Development: With Annotations (Westview, 1979)."