Politics of Retirement in Britain, 1878–1948

Based on much original research, this book examines in detail the emergence of retirement as a social issue in the period 1878 to 1948, focusing in particular on the evolution of state pensions. Important insights are offered into the role of key individuals, such as William Blackley, Joseph Chamberlain, and Charles Booth and interest groups, such as the Charity Organisation Society, the friendly societies, the labour movement and pensioners' organisations. Subsequent sections examine the shift to contributory pensions as part of the 'new Conservatism' of the 1920s, the debate on retirement pensions in the following decade, the treatment of old age poverty by the inter-war social surveys, and the concern over the 'burden' of an ageing population in the late 1930s. The book concludes with a radical reinterpretation of the 1942 Beveridge Report. This book promises to be the definitive history of state pensions in Britain.

'Macnicol's work is an outstanding example of how the study of social policy illuminates modern British history.' Albion, 'A remarkable feat of scholarship. It presents an array of complex and detailed material within a narrative which is always readable and at times compelling. This will be the definitive history of state pensions in Britain.' Professor Alan Deacon, Professor of Social Policy, University of Leeds, 'The Politics of Retirement in Britain is bound to become an oft-cited work among historians, gerontologists, social-welfare analysts, and social scientists concerned with the evolution of the British welfare state.' Professor Andrew Achenbaum, Professor of History, University of Michigan, 'Better than any other study I have read … Macnicol excels, adding much to the public knowledge, and hopefully to the political debate … John Macnicol's book will provide much help to those wishing to keep the Government on course.' Frank Field, The Independent, '… a monumental and highly detailed policy history with an explanation from the world of political economy.' The Gerontologist