Political Economy and the States of Literature in Early Modern England

Crossing the disciplinary borders between political, religious, and economic history, Aaron Kitch's innovative new study demonstrates how sixteenth-century treatises and debates about trade influenced early modern English literature by shaping key formal and aesthetic concerns of authors between 1580 and 1630. The author's analysis concentrates on a commonly overlooked period of economic history-the English commercial revolution before 1620-and, utilizing an impressive combination of archival research, close reading, and attention to historical detail, traces the transformation of genre in both neglected and canonical texts. The topics here are wide-ranging but are presented with a commitment to providing a concrete understanding of the religious, political, and historic context in literary thought. Kitch begins with the emerging wool trade and explosion of economic writing, Spenser's glorification of commerce and the Protestant state as presented in The Faerie Queene, and writers such as Thomas Nashe who drew on the same economic principles to challenge Spenser. Other topics include the reaction to the herring trade in prose satire and pamphlets, the presentation of Jewish trading nations in Shakespeare and Marlowe, and the tension between the crown and London merchants as reflected in Middleton's city comedies and Jonson's and Munday's pageants and court masques.

'Much of the historicist criticism of the past few decades has ignored the shaping influence that an emerging discourse of trade exercised on the literature of early modern England. Political Economy and the States of Literature in Early Modern England seeks to address that oversight by demonstrating that subjects like commerce and credit are treated thoughtfully by a range of canonical authors writing between 1570 and 1620, including Spenser, Shakespeare, Marlowe, Middleton, and Jonson. Rather than interpreting these texts as evidence of the transition from feudalism to capitalism as a Marxist critic might, or invoking a catch-all abstraction like "social energy" as a New Historicist might, Kitch draws on his impressive reading in a range of subjects - from the herring fisheries to bills of exchange - to interpret the economic metaphors and assumptions of early modern authors in light of the local economic contexts that he carefully reconstructs. By examining a wide range of literary forms, Kitch also invites us to ask whether we can speak of the distinct economic values of particular genres like comedy or epyllion.' Blair Hoxby, author of Mammon's Music: Literature and Economics in the Age of Milton ’Kitch’s study is uniquely immersive and, for the careful reader, undoubtedly holds treasures.’ Review of English Studies ’The strengths of Political Economy and the States of Literature are many. It is well reasoned, carefully detailed, and deeply learned: Kitch has read widely within late seventeenth-century economic theory and this learning is evident throughout his analysis. ...Kitch demonstrates the existence of a substantive body of late sixteenth-century texts addressing questions of political economy; by bringing these works to bear upon the period’s literature, our understanding of both literary texts and economic thought is deepened and enriched.’ Sixteenth Century Journal

Aaron Kitch is Assistant Professor of English at Bowdoin College, USA.